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Spray coating processing SPRAY PROCESSING

Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
+
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods

Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods


Plasma Spraying—Plasma spraying involves feeding metal or ceramic powders into a high-temperature plasma flame, where the plasma jet heats the spray material to a molten or highly plastic state. Guided by the high-speed plasma jet, these particles rapidly impact the surface of the workpiece. During the spraying process, the spray material first undergoes heating, reaching either a fully molten or semi-molten state; then enters a flight phase propelled forward by the gas stream; and finally strikes the substrate surface with sufficient kinetic energy, resulting in intense collisions that flatten the particles into a thin, planar layer and cause them to solidify instantly. The resulting coating consists of countless deformed particles interlaced and stacked in a wavy, layered structure. There are inevitably some voids or pores between the particles, with porosity typically ranging from 4% to 20%. The coating also contains oxides and inclusions. By employing a high-temperature plasma arc heat source, supersonic speeds, and low-pressure or protective atmospheres during spraying, these defects such as voids and pores can be significantly reduced. Since the coating has a layered structure, its performance exhibits certain directional characteristics. The bonding between the coating and the substrate surface is generally considered to occur in two ways: mechanical bonding, where the flattened particles formed by collision interlock with the irregularities on the substrate surface, creating a mechanical “anchoring” effect; and metallurgical bonding, which occurs when diffusion and alloying take place at the interface between the coating and the substrate, forming intermetallic compounds or solid solutions at the bonding zone. Among these bonding mechanisms, plasma-sprayed coatings primarily rely on mechanical bonding. The performance of the coating is closely related to both the quality of the spray powder and the spraying process itself. Therefore, the treatment of the spray powder is extremely important. The spraying process itself also greatly influences the coating’s performance. If the power is too high during spraying, the coating becomes dense, and improper control of the substrate temperature can lead to residual stresses, causing the coating to peel off and fail. Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD)—In recent years, EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings have been developed. These coatings are produced by heating and vaporizing ceramic sources using a high-energy electron beam, with the ceramic vapor deposited onto the substrate atom by atom. When preparing gradient thermal barrier coatings, this method enables a continuous transition in both structure and composition between the metallic bond coat and the ceramic layer. After subsequent high-temperature treatment, diffusion occurs between the bond coat and the ceramic layer, effectively eliminating the internal interface. The resulting coating microstructure features columnar crystals oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface. The bonding between the columns and the substrate is metallurgical, providing excellent stability. Moreover, at high temperatures, the columnar microstructure demonstrates outstanding strain tolerance, greatly enhancing the coating’s resistance to thermal fatigue. In thermal cycling tests, coating failure is typically caused by cracking within the Al2O3 layer. Additionally, the coating surface is smooth and requires no further machining, the process parameters are easy to control, and the coating is repairable—all of which represent significant advantages compared to thermal barrier coatings prepared by plasma spraying. However, drawbacks such as uncontrollable coating thickness, complex surface cleaning procedures, expensive and sophisticated equipment, relatively low deposition rates, and cumbersome processing procedures still require further research and improvement. Schematic diagram of the EB-PVD principle—EB-PVD columnar crystal structure. Liquid Injection Plasma Spraying—Liquid injection plasma spraying is a promising coating preparation method that has emerged in recent years. Although there are almost no domestic reports on this technique, some exploratory studies have been conducted abroad. The principle behind liquid-injection plasma spraying for thermal barrier coatings is that a zirconium salt solution is drawn out by a conveying motor and, under the action of a carrier gas, passes through an atomizing nozzle before entering the plasma. Within the hot plasma, physicochemical reactions occur, and the material is deposited onto the metal substrate. Conventional thermal barrier coatings prepared by powder injection can withstand approximately 400 thermal cycles, while EB-PVD-prepared coatings can endure around 780 cycles. The new liquid-injection-based thermal barrier coatings can withstand an average of 1018 thermal cycles, significantly improving their thermal cycling performance. The phase structure of the coating mainly consists of a non-transformative tetragonal phase, and no phase transformation occurs even at 1121°C during thermal cycling. The width of cracks increases with the number of thermal cycles. The hardness of the coating initially rises during the early stages of thermal cycling. The columnar crystal structure of the coating remains intact throughout the thermal cycling process. The depth of penetration of the liquid into the plasma nozzle greatly affects the deposition efficiency of the coating. Coating failure primarily occurs within the ceramic top layer, near the interface between the ceramic layer and the bond coat. Overall, thermal barrier coatings prepared by the liquid-injection plasma spraying process exhibit the following characteristics: (1) A unique microstructure: The grain size of the coating is 10–30 nm; it features uniform nanopores and micropores; contains longitudinal microcracks; and lacks layered particle structures or lamellar grain boundaries; (2) The growth of nanocrystals is inhibited; (3) The coating displays excellent thermal shock resistance. Sol-Gel Composite Slurry Hot-Press Filtration Method for Preparing Ceramic Coatings—By using the sol-gel composite slurry hot-press filtration method, we can prepare Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coatings featuring YPSZ particles embedded within an Al2O3-Y2O3 spatial network membrane structure. This approach combines the advantages of both Al2O3-Y2O3 and ZrO2-Y2O3 coatings, achieving superior overall performance. The PYSZ coatings prepared by the hot-press filtration method possess a nano/micro/microporous composite structure, effectively reducing phonon thermal conduction and convective heat transfer, thus delivering enhanced thermal barrier performance. The thermal barrier effect of the coating increases with the increase in sol content within the slurry. In the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating, the Al2O3-Y2O3 network membrane can block oxygen ion transport, while the embedded YPSZ helps adjust the thermal expansion match between the coating and the substrate. Meanwhile, the nano/micro/microporous composite structure of the coating facilitates stress relaxation. As a result, the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating demonstrates exceptional resistance to high-temperature oxidation and spalling of oxide layers. Materials, Equipment, Processes, and Solutions—We have accumulated extensive experience in coating applications and are currently replicating these successful cases. We will guide you through the entire coating manufacturing transformation process, ensuring: rapid production start-up; a reliable supply solution covering materials, equipment, and processes; coating trials conducted either on-site at your facility or at our technical center; and consistently high coating quality and efficiency. Start collaborating with us today and reap success tomorrow!

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Request for quotation Phone: 020-84836251

Product Description

Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods

Plasma spraying

    Plasma spraying involves feeding metal or ceramic powders into a high-temperature plasma flame, where the plasma jet heats the spray material to a molten or highly plastic state. Under the guidance of the high-speed plasma jet, these particles rapidly impact the surface of the workpiece. During the spraying process, the spray material first undergoes heating, reaching either a fully molten or partially molten state; then, it enters a flight phase propelled forward by an airflow; finally, it strikes the substrate surface with a certain kinetic energy, resulting in intense impact that flattens the particles into a thin, planar layer and causes them to solidify instantaneously. The resulting spray coating consists of countless deformed particles interlaced with each other, arranged in a layered structure that resembles a wavy stack. Between the particles, there are inevitably some voids or pores, with porosity typically ranging from 4% to 20%. The coating also contains oxides and inclusions. By employing a high-temperature plasma arc heat source, supersonic velocities, and low-pressure or protective-atmosphere spraying techniques, it is possible to significantly reduce defects such as voids and pores.

Since the coating has a layered structure, its performance exhibits certain directional characteristics. The bonding between the coating and the substrate surface is generally considered to occur in two main ways: mechanical bonding and metallurgical bonding. In mechanical bonding, flattened particles formed by impact follow the irregularities on the substrate surface and interlock with its uneven features, thereby achieving mechanical anchoring. The other type is metallurgical bonding, which occurs when diffusion and alloying take place at the interface between the coating and the substrate. This type of bonding involves the formation of intermetallic compounds or solid-solution phases at the bonding interface. Among these bonding mechanisms, plasma-sprayed coatings primarily rely on mechanical bonding.

The performance of a coating is closely related to the quality of the spray powder and the spraying process itself. The treatment of the powder used for spraying is therefore highly important. The spraying process also significantly influences coating performance; if the power during spraying is too high, the coating becomes dense, or the substrate temperature is improperly controlled, residual stresses may develop, leading to coating delamination and failure.





Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD)

The EB-PVD thermal barrier coating, which has emerged in recent years, is fabricated by heating and vaporizing a ceramic source using a high-energy electron beam. The ceramic vapor is then deposited onto the substrate atom by atom. In the preparation of gradient thermal barrier coatings, this process enables a continuous transition in both structure and composition between the metallic bond coat and the ceramic layer. Following high-temperature post-processing, diffusion occurs between the bond coat and the ceramic layer, effectively eliminating the interfacial boundary. The resulting coating microstructure consists of columnar crystals oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface. The metallurgical bonding between the columns and the substrate ensures excellent stability, and at elevated temperatures, the columnar microstructure exhibits outstanding strain tolerance, significantly enhancing the coating’s resistance to thermal fatigue. In thermal cycling tests, coating failure typically results from cracking within the Al2O3 layer. Moreover, the coating boasts a smooth surface that requires no further machining, its process parameters are easy to control, and the coating can be repaired—features that represent clear advantages over plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings. However, several drawbacks remain that urgently call for further research and improvement: the coating thickness is difficult to control, surface cleaning is complex, the equipment is sophisticated and expensive, the deposition rate is relatively low, and the overall process is cumbersome.

 


                    Schematic diagram of the EB-PVD principle

     
                     EB-PVD columnar grain structure

Liquid Injection Plasma Thermal Spraying

 

         Liquid-injection plasma spraying is a promising coating preparation method that has emerged in recent years. Although there are virtually no reports on this technique from domestic sources, some exploratory studies have been conducted abroad. The principle behind using liquid-injection plasma spraying to produce thermal barrier coatings involves drawing a zirconium salt solution through a motor-driven pump; under the action of a carrier gas, the solution is atomized by a nozzle and then introduced into the plasma. In the hot plasma environment, physicochemical reactions occur, leading to the deposition of the coating onto the metallic substrate. Conventional thermal barrier coatings prepared by powder injection can typically withstand around 400 thermal cycles, while those fabricated by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) can endure approximately 780 cycles. By contrast, the new thermal barrier coatings produced via liquid-injection plasma spraying can withstand an average of 1,018 thermal cycles, demonstrating significantly improved thermal cycling performance. The phase composition of the coating is predominantly tetragonal, a non-transformative phase, and no phase transformation occurs during thermal cycling at 1,121°C. The width of cracks tends to increase with the number of thermal cycles. Initially, the hardness of the coating shows a slight increase during thermal cycling. Moreover, the columnar crystal structure of the coating remains intact throughout the thermal cycling process. The penetration depth of the liquid into the plasma spray nozzle has a significant impact on the coating’s deposition efficiency. Finally, coating failure primarily occurs within the ceramic top layer, near the interface between the ceramic top layer and the bond coat.

Overall, thermal barrier coatings prepared by plasma spraying using solution injection exhibit the following characteristics: (1) A unique microstructure: The coating features grain sizes ranging from 10 to 30 nm, uniform nanoporous and microporous structures, longitudinal microcracks, and the absence of layered particles or lamellar grain boundaries; (2) The growth of nanocrystals is effectively inhibited; (3) The coating demonstrates excellent resistance to thermal shock.

Preparation of Ceramic Coatings by the Hot-Press Filtration Method Using Sol-Gel Composite Slurries

 

     

By using the sol-gel composite slurry hot-pressing filtration method to prepare an Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating featuring YPSZ particles embedded in an Al2O3-Y2O3 spatial network membrane structure, it is possible to combine the advantages of both Al2O3-Y2O3 and ZrO2-Y2O3 coatings, thereby achieving superior overall performance.

The PYSZ coating prepared by the hot-pressing filtration method features a nano/micro/microporous composite structure, which can effectively reduce phonon thermal conduction and convective heat transfer, thereby endowing the coating with superior thermal barrier performance. The thermal barrier effectiveness of the coating increases as the sol content in the slurry rises.

In the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating, the Al2O3-Y2O3 network film can effectively block the transport of oxygen ions. The embedded YPSZ phase helps to optimize the thermal expansion matching between the coating and the substrate. Meanwhile, the nano/micro/microporous composite structure of the coating facilitates stress relaxation. Consequently, the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating exhibits excellent resistance to high-temperature oxidation and resistance to oxidizing agent spalling.

Materials - Equipment - Processes - Solutions

We have accumulated extensive experience in coating applications, and we are now replicating these successful case studies. We’ll guide you through the entire coating manufacturing transformation process, ensuring: rapid production start-up; a reliable supply solution that covers everything—from materials and equipment to processes; coating trials conducted either at your site or at our technology center; and consistently high-quality coatings with unmatched efficiency. Start collaborating with us today and reap success tomorrow!

Prev: The Influence of Tungsten Carbide Spray Particle Size on Coating Microstructure and Properties

Next: [Coating Preparation] Thermal Barrier Coating

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Spraying equipment SPRAY EQUIPMENT

Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
+
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods
  • Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods

Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods


Plasma Spraying—Plasma spraying involves feeding metal or ceramic powders into a high-temperature plasma flame, where the plasma jet heats the spray material to a molten or highly plastic state. Guided by the high-speed plasma jet, these particles rapidly impact the surface of the workpiece. During the spraying process, the spray material first undergoes heating, reaching either a fully molten or semi-molten state; then enters a flight phase propelled forward by the gas stream; and finally strikes the substrate surface with sufficient kinetic energy, resulting in intense collisions that flatten the particles into a thin, planar layer and cause them to solidify instantly. The resulting coating consists of countless deformed particles interlaced and stacked in a wavy, layered structure. There are inevitably some voids or pores between the particles, with porosity typically ranging from 4% to 20%. The coating also contains oxides and inclusions. By employing a high-temperature plasma arc heat source, supersonic speeds, and low-pressure or protective atmospheres during spraying, these defects such as voids and pores can be significantly reduced. Since the coating has a layered structure, its performance exhibits certain directional characteristics. The bonding between the coating and the substrate surface is generally considered to occur in two ways: mechanical bonding, where the flattened particles formed by collision interlock with the irregularities on the substrate surface, creating a mechanical “anchoring” effect; and metallurgical bonding, which occurs when diffusion and alloying take place at the interface between the coating and the substrate, forming intermetallic compounds or solid solutions at the bonding zone. Among these bonding mechanisms, plasma-sprayed coatings primarily rely on mechanical bonding. The performance of the coating is closely related to both the quality of the spray powder and the spraying process itself. Therefore, the treatment of the spray powder is extremely important. The spraying process itself also greatly influences the coating’s performance. If the power is too high during spraying, the coating becomes dense, and improper control of the substrate temperature can lead to residual stresses, causing the coating to peel off and fail. Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD)—In recent years, EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings have been developed. These coatings are produced by heating and vaporizing ceramic sources using a high-energy electron beam, with the ceramic vapor deposited onto the substrate atom by atom. When preparing gradient thermal barrier coatings, this method enables a continuous transition in both structure and composition between the metallic bond coat and the ceramic layer. After subsequent high-temperature treatment, diffusion occurs between the bond coat and the ceramic layer, effectively eliminating the internal interface. The resulting coating microstructure features columnar crystals oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface. The bonding between the columns and the substrate is metallurgical, providing excellent stability. Moreover, at high temperatures, the columnar microstructure demonstrates outstanding strain tolerance, greatly enhancing the coating’s resistance to thermal fatigue. In thermal cycling tests, coating failure is typically caused by cracking within the Al2O3 layer. Additionally, the coating surface is smooth and requires no further machining, the process parameters are easy to control, and the coating is repairable—all of which represent significant advantages compared to thermal barrier coatings prepared by plasma spraying. However, drawbacks such as uncontrollable coating thickness, complex surface cleaning procedures, expensive and sophisticated equipment, relatively low deposition rates, and cumbersome processing procedures still require further research and improvement. Schematic diagram of the EB-PVD principle—EB-PVD columnar crystal structure. Liquid Injection Plasma Spraying—Liquid injection plasma spraying is a promising coating preparation method that has emerged in recent years. Although there are almost no domestic reports on this technique, some exploratory studies have been conducted abroad. The principle behind liquid-injection plasma spraying for thermal barrier coatings is that a zirconium salt solution is drawn out by a conveying motor and, under the action of a carrier gas, passes through an atomizing nozzle before entering the plasma. Within the hot plasma, physicochemical reactions occur, and the material is deposited onto the metal substrate. Conventional thermal barrier coatings prepared by powder injection can withstand approximately 400 thermal cycles, while EB-PVD-prepared coatings can endure around 780 cycles. The new liquid-injection-based thermal barrier coatings can withstand an average of 1018 thermal cycles, significantly improving their thermal cycling performance. The phase structure of the coating mainly consists of a non-transformative tetragonal phase, and no phase transformation occurs even at 1121°C during thermal cycling. The width of cracks increases with the number of thermal cycles. The hardness of the coating initially rises during the early stages of thermal cycling. The columnar crystal structure of the coating remains intact throughout the thermal cycling process. The depth of penetration of the liquid into the plasma nozzle greatly affects the deposition efficiency of the coating. Coating failure primarily occurs within the ceramic top layer, near the interface between the ceramic layer and the bond coat. Overall, thermal barrier coatings prepared by the liquid-injection plasma spraying process exhibit the following characteristics: (1) A unique microstructure: The grain size of the coating is 10–30 nm; it features uniform nanopores and micropores; contains longitudinal microcracks; and lacks layered particle structures or lamellar grain boundaries; (2) The growth of nanocrystals is inhibited; (3) The coating displays excellent thermal shock resistance. Sol-Gel Composite Slurry Hot-Press Filtration Method for Preparing Ceramic Coatings—By using the sol-gel composite slurry hot-press filtration method, we can prepare Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coatings featuring YPSZ particles embedded within an Al2O3-Y2O3 spatial network membrane structure. This approach combines the advantages of both Al2O3-Y2O3 and ZrO2-Y2O3 coatings, achieving superior overall performance. The PYSZ coatings prepared by the hot-press filtration method possess a nano/micro/microporous composite structure, effectively reducing phonon thermal conduction and convective heat transfer, thus delivering enhanced thermal barrier performance. The thermal barrier effect of the coating increases with the increase in sol content within the slurry. In the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating, the Al2O3-Y2O3 network membrane can block oxygen ion transport, while the embedded YPSZ helps adjust the thermal expansion match between the coating and the substrate. Meanwhile, the nano/micro/microporous composite structure of the coating facilitates stress relaxation. As a result, the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating demonstrates exceptional resistance to high-temperature oxidation and spalling of oxide layers. Materials, Equipment, Processes, and Solutions—We have accumulated extensive experience in coating applications and are currently replicating these successful cases. We will guide you through the entire coating manufacturing transformation process, ensuring: rapid production start-up; a reliable supply solution covering materials, equipment, and processes; coating trials conducted either on-site at your facility or at our technical center; and consistently high coating quality and efficiency. Start collaborating with us today and reap success tomorrow!

Key words:

方法

涂层

喷涂

等离子体

基体

热障

制备

结合

表面

具有

Request for quotation E-mail:CarrieFeng07@outlook.com

Product Description

Thermal Barrier Coating Preparation Methods

Plasma spraying

    Plasma spraying involves feeding metal or ceramic powders into a high-temperature plasma flame, where the plasma jet heats the spray material to a molten or highly plastic state. Under the guidance of the high-speed plasma jet, these particles rapidly impact the surface of the workpiece. During the spraying process, the spray material first undergoes heating, reaching either a fully molten or partially molten state; then, it enters a flight phase propelled forward by an airflow; finally, it strikes the substrate surface with a certain kinetic energy, resulting in intense impact that flattens the particles into a thin, planar layer and causes them to solidify instantaneously. The resulting spray coating consists of countless deformed particles interlaced with each other, arranged in a layered structure that resembles a wavy stack. Between the particles, there are inevitably some voids or pores, with porosity typically ranging from 4% to 20%. The coating also contains oxides and inclusions. By employing a high-temperature plasma arc heat source, supersonic velocities, and low-pressure or protective-atmosphere spraying techniques, it is possible to significantly reduce defects such as voids and pores.

Since the coating has a layered structure, its performance exhibits certain directional characteristics. The bonding between the coating and the substrate surface is generally considered to occur in two main ways: mechanical bonding and metallurgical bonding. In mechanical bonding, flattened particles formed by impact follow the irregularities on the substrate surface and interlock with its uneven features, thereby achieving mechanical anchoring. The other type is metallurgical bonding, which occurs when diffusion and alloying take place at the interface between the coating and the substrate. This type of bonding involves the formation of intermetallic compounds or solid-solution phases at the bonding interface. Among these bonding mechanisms, plasma-sprayed coatings primarily rely on mechanical bonding.

The performance of a coating is closely related to the quality of the spray powder and the spraying process itself. The treatment of the powder used for spraying is therefore highly important. The spraying process also significantly influences coating performance; if the power during spraying is too high, the coating becomes dense, or the substrate temperature is improperly controlled, residual stresses may develop, leading to coating delamination and failure.





Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD)

The EB-PVD thermal barrier coating, which has emerged in recent years, is fabricated by heating and vaporizing a ceramic source using a high-energy electron beam. The ceramic vapor is then deposited onto the substrate atom by atom. In the preparation of gradient thermal barrier coatings, this process enables a continuous transition in both structure and composition between the metallic bond coat and the ceramic layer. Following high-temperature post-processing, diffusion occurs between the bond coat and the ceramic layer, effectively eliminating the interfacial boundary. The resulting coating microstructure consists of columnar crystals oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface. The metallurgical bonding between the columns and the substrate ensures excellent stability, and at elevated temperatures, the columnar microstructure exhibits outstanding strain tolerance, significantly enhancing the coating’s resistance to thermal fatigue. In thermal cycling tests, coating failure typically results from cracking within the Al2O3 layer. Moreover, the coating boasts a smooth surface that requires no further machining, its process parameters are easy to control, and the coating can be repaired—features that represent clear advantages over plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings. However, several drawbacks remain that urgently call for further research and improvement: the coating thickness is difficult to control, surface cleaning is complex, the equipment is sophisticated and expensive, the deposition rate is relatively low, and the overall process is cumbersome.

 


                    Schematic diagram of the EB-PVD principle

     
                     EB-PVD columnar grain structure

Liquid Injection Plasma Thermal Spraying

 

         Liquid-injection plasma spraying is a promising coating preparation method that has emerged in recent years. Although there are virtually no reports on this technique from domestic sources, some exploratory studies have been conducted abroad. The principle behind using liquid-injection plasma spraying to produce thermal barrier coatings involves drawing a zirconium salt solution through a motor-driven pump; under the action of a carrier gas, the solution is atomized by a nozzle and then introduced into the plasma. In the hot plasma environment, physicochemical reactions occur, leading to the deposition of the coating onto the metallic substrate. Conventional thermal barrier coatings prepared by powder injection can typically withstand around 400 thermal cycles, while those fabricated by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) can endure approximately 780 cycles. By contrast, the new thermal barrier coatings produced via liquid-injection plasma spraying can withstand an average of 1,018 thermal cycles, demonstrating significantly improved thermal cycling performance. The phase composition of the coating is predominantly tetragonal, a non-transformative phase, and no phase transformation occurs during thermal cycling at 1,121°C. The width of cracks tends to increase with the number of thermal cycles. Initially, the hardness of the coating shows a slight increase during thermal cycling. Moreover, the columnar crystal structure of the coating remains intact throughout the thermal cycling process. The penetration depth of the liquid into the plasma spray nozzle has a significant impact on the coating’s deposition efficiency. Finally, coating failure primarily occurs within the ceramic top layer, near the interface between the ceramic top layer and the bond coat.

Overall, thermal barrier coatings prepared by plasma spraying using solution injection exhibit the following characteristics: (1) A unique microstructure: The coating features grain sizes ranging from 10 to 30 nm, uniform nanoporous and microporous structures, longitudinal microcracks, and the absence of layered particles or lamellar grain boundaries; (2) The growth of nanocrystals is effectively inhibited; (3) The coating demonstrates excellent resistance to thermal shock.

Preparation of Ceramic Coatings by the Hot-Press Filtration Method Using Sol-Gel Composite Slurries

 

     

By using the sol-gel composite slurry hot-pressing filtration method to prepare an Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating featuring YPSZ particles embedded in an Al2O3-Y2O3 spatial network membrane structure, it is possible to combine the advantages of both Al2O3-Y2O3 and ZrO2-Y2O3 coatings, thereby achieving superior overall performance.

The PYSZ coating prepared by the hot-pressing filtration method features a nano/micro/microporous composite structure, which can effectively reduce phonon thermal conduction and convective heat transfer, thereby endowing the coating with superior thermal barrier performance. The thermal barrier effectiveness of the coating increases as the sol content in the slurry rises.

In the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating, the Al2O3-Y2O3 network film can effectively block the transport of oxygen ions. The embedded YPSZ phase helps to optimize the thermal expansion matching between the coating and the substrate. Meanwhile, the nano/micro/microporous composite structure of the coating facilitates stress relaxation. Consequently, the Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3 composite coating exhibits excellent resistance to high-temperature oxidation and resistance to oxidizing agent spalling.

Materials - Equipment - Processes - Solutions

We have accumulated extensive experience in coating applications, and we are now replicating these successful case studies. We’ll guide you through the entire coating manufacturing transformation process, ensuring: rapid production start-up; a reliable supply solution that covers everything—from materials and equipment to processes; coating trials conducted either at your site or at our technology center; and consistently high-quality coatings with unmatched efficiency. Start collaborating with us today and reap success tomorrow!

Prev: The Influence of Tungsten Carbide Spray Particle Size on Coating Microstructure and Properties

Next: [Coating Preparation] Thermal Barrier Coating

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Action
Submit a request for quotation